Nazi ideology based human beings' worth on their productivity, and forced labor became a fundamental and pervasive element of Nazi persecution. The Nazis used forced labor as a way to enrich the regime while humiliating and punishing their victims, literally working many people to death.
forced labor
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustLetter from Antonina Sidielnik Intercepted by German Authorities
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Wartime Correspondence
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustLetter from Sarah Froiman to her Friends and Brother
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Wartime Correspondence
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustLetter from Zbigniew Kelhoffer to Sydonia Kelhoffer
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustMemo on Pregnancies among Forced Laborers
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Artistic Responses to Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustNastia Kronenberg, HASAG poem
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Jewish Community Documents
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustNote Regarding the German Policy of Deliberate Annihilation of European Jewry
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Gendered Experiences of Jewish Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustOral History with Ester Grun
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Medical Care, Nazism, and the Holocaust
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustOral History with Marie Ondrášová
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Concentration Camp Prisoners
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RuleOral History with Ron Jones
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustOral History with Rose Brunswic
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Artists and Visual Culture in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPage from the Wartime Album of George Byfield
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Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RulePaint Roller and Stencil Used by a Jehovah's Witness in a Labor Camp
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPhotograph of Jews Cleaning Streets in Vienna
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPhotograph of Ukrainian Women Brought to Germany as Forced Laborers
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Objects of Memory
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustPortrait of a German Girl in a Handmade Frame